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-<title>Enabling the Linux Framebuffer</title>
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-<td align="right" valign="center"><img src="logo32.png" align="right" width="64" height="32" border="0"></td></tr></table><h1 align=center>Enabling the Linux Framebuffer</h1>
-
-
-
-<p> This is only a short guide.
-See <a href="file:/usr/src/linux/README">/usr/src/linux/README</a> and
-<a href="file:/usr/src/linux/Documentation/fb/">/usr/src/linux/Documentation/fb/</a> for detailed information.
-There is also a detailed explanation at
-<a href="http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Framebuffer-HOWTO.html">http://www.linuxdoc.org/HOWTO/Framebuffer-HOWTO.html</a>.
-<p> <ol type=1>
-<li> Make sure that you have the Linux kernel source code in
-<a href="file:/usr/src/linux/">/usr/src/linux/</a>.
-<p> <li> Log in as root and <tt>cd</tt> <tt>/usr/src/linux</tt>
-<p> <li> Configure the kernel:
-<p> Run:
-<pre>
- make menuconfig
-</pre>
-
-<p> Select "Code maturity level options" and set "Prompt for
-development and/or incomplete code/drivers".
-<p> Then select "Console drivers" and set "Support for frame buffer
-devices" to built-in (even if it says EXPERIMENTAL). Then configure
-the driver. Most modern graphics cards can use the "VESA VGA
-graphics console"; use that or a driver that specifically matches
-your video card. Finally, enable "Advanced low level driver options"
-and make sure that 16 and 32 bpp packed pixel support are enabled.
-<p> When you are finished, chose exit and save.
-<p> <li> Compile the kernel
-<p> First do:
-<pre>
- make dep
-</pre>
-
-then:
-<pre>
- make bzImage
-</pre>
-
-<p> The new kernel should now be in arch/i386/boot/bzImage.
-<p> <li> Copy the kernel to the boot directory:
-<pre>
- cp arch/i386/boot/bzImage /boot/linux.vesafb
-</pre>
-
-<p> <li> Edit /etc/lilo.conf.
-<p> <b>Warning:</b> Keep a backup of <a href="file:/etc/lilo.conf">/etc/lilo.conf</a>, and have a rescue disk
-available. If you make a mistake, the machine may not boot.
-<p> The file <a href="file:/etc/lilo.conf">/etc/lilo.conf</a> specifies how the system boots. The
-precise contents of the file varies from system to system. Here is
-an example:
-<pre>
-# LILO configuration file
-boot = /dev/hda3
-delay = 30
-image = /boot/vmlinuz
- root = /dev/hda3
- label = Linux
- read-only # Non-UMSDOS filesystems should be mounted read-only for checking
-other=/dev/hda1
- label=nt
- table=/dev/hda
-</pre>
-
-<p> Make a new "image" section that is a copy of the first one, but with
-<pre>
- image = /boot/linux.vesafb
-</pre>
-
-and
-<pre>
- label = Linux-vesafb
-</pre>
-
-Place it just above the first image section.
-<p> Add a line before the image section saying <tt>vga = 791</tt>. (Meaning
-1024x768, 16 bpp.)
-<p> With the above example, lilo.conf would now be:
-<pre>
-# LILO configuration file
-boot = /dev/hda3
-delay = 30
-vga = 791
-image = /boot/linux.vesafb
- root = /dev/hda3
- label = Linux-vesafb
- read-only # Non-UMSDOS filesystems should be mounted read-only for checking
-image = /boot/vmlinuz
- root = /dev/hda3
- label = Linux
- read-only # Non-UMSDOS filesystems should be mounted read-only for checking
-other=/dev/hda1
- label=nt
- table=/dev/hda
-</pre>
-
-<p> Do not change any existing lines in the file; just add new ones.
-<p> <li> To make the new changes take effect, run the lilo program:
-<pre>
- lilo
-</pre>
-
-<p> <li> Reboot the system. You should now see a penguin logo while the
-system is booting.
-(Or more than one on a multi-processor machine.)
-<p> <li> If it does not boot properly with the new kernel, you can boot with
-the old kernel by entering the label of the old image section at
-the LILO prompt. (with the example lilo.conf file, the old label is
-Linux.)
-<p> If that does not work (probably because of an error in lilo.conf),
-boot the machine using your rescue disk, restore <a href="file:/etc/lilo.conf">/etc/lilo.conf</a> from backup and re-run lilo.
-<p> <li> Testing: Here's a short program that opens the frame buffer and draws a
-gradient-filled red square.
-<p> <pre>
-#include &lt;unistd.h&gt;
-#include &lt;stdio.h&gt;
-#include &lt;fcntl.h&gt;
-#include &lt;linux/fb.h&gt;
-#include &lt;sys/mman.h&gt;
-
-int main()
-{
- int fbfd = 0;
- struct fb_var_screeninfo vinfo;
- struct fb_fix_screeninfo finfo;
- long int screensize = 0;
- char *fbp = 0;
- int x = 0, y = 0;
- long int location = 0;
-
- // Open the file for reading and writing
- fbfd = open("/dev/fb0", O_RDWR);
- if (!fbfd) {
- printf("Error: cannot open framebuffer device.\n");
- exit(1);
- }
- printf("The framebuffer device was opened successfully.\n");
-
- // Get fixed screen information
- if (ioctl(fbfd, FBIOGET_FSCREENINFO, &amp;finfo)) {
- printf("Error reading fixed information.\n");
- exit(2);
- }
-
- // Get variable screen information
- if (ioctl(fbfd, FBIOGET_VSCREENINFO, &amp;vinfo)) {
- printf("Error reading variable information.\n");
- exit(3);
- }
-
- printf("%dx%d, %dbpp\n", vinfo.xres, vinfo.yres, vinfo.bits_per_pixel );
-
- // Figure out the size of the screen in bytes
- screensize = vinfo.xres * vinfo.yres * vinfo.bits_per_pixel / 8;
-
- // Map the device to memory
- fbp = (char *)mmap(0, screensize, PROT_READ | PROT_WRITE, MAP_SHARED,
- fbfd, 0);
- if ((int)fbp == -1) {
- printf("Error: failed to map framebuffer device to memory.\n");
- exit(4);
- }
- printf("The framebuffer device was mapped to memory successfully.\n");
-
- x = 100; y = 100; // Where we are going to put the pixel
-
- // Figure out where in memory to put the pixel
- for ( y = 100; y &lt; 300; y++ )
- for ( x = 100; x &lt; 300; x++ ) {
-
- location = (x+vinfo.xoffset) * (vinfo.bits_per_pixel/8) +
- (y+vinfo.yoffset) * finfo.line_length;
-
- if ( vinfo.bits_per_pixel == 32 ) {
- *(fbp + location) = 100; // Some blue
- *(fbp + location + 1) = 15+(x-100)/2; // A little green
- *(fbp + location + 2) = 200-(y-100)/5; // A lot of red
- *(fbp + location + 3) = 0; // No transparency
- } else { //assume 16bpp
- int b = 10;
- int g = (x-100)/6; // A little green
- int r = 31-(y-100)/16; // A lot of red
- unsigned short int t = r&lt;&lt;11 | g &lt;&lt; 5 | b;
- *((unsigned short int*)(fbp + location)) = t;
- }
-
- }
- munmap(fbp, screensize);
- close(fbfd);
- return 0;
-}
-</pre>
-
-</ol>
-<p>
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