diff options
| author | toma <toma@283d02a7-25f6-0310-bc7c-ecb5cbfe19da> | 2009-11-25 17:56:58 +0000 |
|---|---|---|
| committer | toma <toma@283d02a7-25f6-0310-bc7c-ecb5cbfe19da> | 2009-11-25 17:56:58 +0000 |
| commit | 4aed2c8219774f5d797760606b8489a92ddc5163 (patch) | |
| tree | 3f8c130f7d269626bf6a9447407ef6c35954426a /doc/glossary | |
| download | tdebase-4aed2c8219774f5d797760606b8489a92ddc5163.tar.gz tdebase-4aed2c8219774f5d797760606b8489a92ddc5163.zip | |
Copy the KDE 3.5 branch to branches/trinity for new KDE 3.5 features.
BUG:215923
git-svn-id: svn://anonsvn.kde.org/home/kde/branches/trinity/kdebase@1054174 283d02a7-25f6-0310-bc7c-ecb5cbfe19da
Diffstat (limited to 'doc/glossary')
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/glossary/Makefile.am | 2 | ||||
| -rwxr-xr-x | doc/glossary/checkxrefs | 10 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/glossary/index.docbook | 296 | ||||
| -rw-r--r-- | doc/glossary/kdeprintingglossary.docbook | 1387 |
4 files changed, 1695 insertions, 0 deletions
diff --git a/doc/glossary/Makefile.am b/doc/glossary/Makefile.am new file mode 100644 index 000000000..e79a46842 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/glossary/Makefile.am @@ -0,0 +1,2 @@ +KDE_LANG = en +KDE_DOCS = khelpcenter/glossary diff --git a/doc/glossary/checkxrefs b/doc/glossary/checkxrefs new file mode 100755 index 000000000..6da64c184 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/glossary/checkxrefs @@ -0,0 +1,10 @@ +#!/bin/sh +DEFINED_ENTRIES=`sed -ne "s^.*<glossentry id=\"\(.*\)\">.*^\1^p" *.docbook` +REFERENCED_ENTRIES=`sed -ne "s^.*<glossseealso otherterm=\"\(.*\)\">.*^\1^p" *.docbook | unique` + +# Check for entries which are referenced but not defined. +for ENTRY in $REFERENCED_ENTRIES; do + if ! echo $DEFINED_ENTRIES | grep $ENTRY - > /dev/null 2>&1; then + echo "'$ENTRY' referenced but not defined!" + fi +done diff --git a/doc/glossary/index.docbook b/doc/glossary/index.docbook new file mode 100644 index 000000000..4aba44c53 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/glossary/index.docbook @@ -0,0 +1,296 @@ +<?xml version="1.0" ?> +<!DOCTYPE glossary PUBLIC "-//KDE//DTD DocBook XML V4.2-Based Variant V1.1//EN" "dtd/kdex.dtd" [ +<!ENTITY % addindex "IGNORE"> +<!ENTITY % English "INCLUDE"> +<!ENTITY glossary-kdeprinting SYSTEM "kdeprintingglossary.docbook"> + + +]> + + +<glossary id="glossary"> + +&glossary-kdeprinting; + + <glossdiv id="glossdiv-technologies"> + <title>Technologies</title> + <glossentry id="gloss-ioslave"> + <glossterm><acronym>IO</acronym> Slave</glossterm> + <glossdef><para><acronym>IO</acronym> Slaves enable &kde; applications to + access remote resources as easily as local resources (making them + <quote>network transparent</quote>). Remote resources (⪚ files) might + be stored on <acronym>SMB</acronym> shares or similar.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-smb"><acronym>SMB</acronym></glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-kio"> + <glossterm><acronym>KIO</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>The &kde; Input/Output system which makes use of so-called + <quote><acronym>IO</acronym> Slaves</quote>.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ioslave"><acronym>IO</acronym> +Slave</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-kparts"> + <glossterm>KParts</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>KParts is an embedding technology which allows &kde; + applications to embed other &kde; applications. For example, the text + view used by &konqueror; is a KPart.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-konqueror">&konqueror;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-ksycoca"> + <glossterm><acronym>KSycoca</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para><acronym>KSycoca</acronym> (&kde; <emphasis>Sy</emphasis>stem + <emphasis>Co</emphasis>nfiguration <emphasis>Ca</emphasis>che) is a + configuration cache which, for example, guarantees fast access to the menu + entries.</para> + <glossseealso +otherterm="gloss-kbuildsycoca"><application>KBuildSycoca</application></glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + </glossdiv> + + <glossdiv id="glossdiv-xfree86"> + <title>XFree86</title> + <glossentry id="gloss-antialiasing"> + <glossterm>Antialiasing</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>If mentioned in context with &kde;, antialiasing often means + the smoothing of the fonts visible on the screen. &Qt; version 2.3.0 + or higher used together with XFree86 4.x makes this possible under &kde; + as well.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-qt">&Qt;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-xserver"> + <glossterm>&X-Server;</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>The &X-Server; represents a basic layer upon which the + various &GUI;s like &kde; are built. It manages the + basic mouse and keyboard input (from the local host as well as from + remote hosts) and provides elementary graphic routines to draw + rectangles and other primitives.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gui">&GUI;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + </glossdiv> + + <glossdiv id="glossdiv-applications"> + <title>Applications</title> + <glossentry id="gloss-kbuildsycoca"> + <glossterm><application>KBuildSycoca</application></glossterm> + <glossdef><para><application>KBuildSycoca</application> is a command line +program and regenerates the + so-called <acronym>KSycoca</acronym>. This is useful, for example, if some +or all modules in + &kcontrol; are missing.</para> + <glossseealso +otherterm="gloss-ksycoca"><acronym>KSycoca</acronym></glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kcontrol">&kcontrol;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-kcontrol"> + <glossterm>&kcontrol;</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>This is the project and filename of the &kde; control + center. &kcontrol; allows you to customize virtually + every configuration option of &kde;.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-kicker"> + <glossterm>&kicker;</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>&kicker; is the nickname as well as project name of the + &kde; panel.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-panel">Panel</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-konqueror"> + <glossterm>&konqueror;</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>&konqueror; is a filemanager, web browser, picture viewer + and more, and a core part of the &kde; project. You can + find more information about &konqueror; at <ulink + url="http://www.konqueror.org">www.konqueror.org</ulink>.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-ksirc"> + <glossterm>&ksirc;</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>&ksirc; is the default <acronym>IRC</acronym> client, + which is shipped with &kde;. You can use &ksirc; to chat with anyone on + an <acronym>IRC</acronym> network.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-irc"><acronym>IRC</acronym></glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + </glossdiv> + + <glossdiv id="glossdiv-desktop-terminology"> + <title>Desktop Terminology</title> + <glossentry id="gloss-draganddrop"> + <glossterm>Drag and Drop</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>This concept tries to replace many actions like copying + files from one place to another by a certain mouse movement, ⪚ + clicking on an icon in a &konqueror; window, moving the mouse to another + window while keeping the mouse button pressed, and releasing the mouse + button (<quote>dropping</quote> the object) copies files.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-konqueror">&konqueror;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-gui"> + <glossterm>&GUI;</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>G</emphasis>raphical + <emphasis>U</emphasis>ser <emphasis>I</emphasis>nterface. Every desktop + environment (like &kde;) is a &GUI;. Most + &GUI;s feature mouse support and/or windows to manage + the programs.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-kde"> + <glossterm>&kde;</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <quote>K Desktop Environment</quote>, a + leading &GUI; for &UNIX;-based systems. You can find more + detailled information at <ulink + url="http://www.kde.org">www.kde.org</ulink>.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gui">&GUI;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-gnome"> + <glossterm><acronym>GNOME</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef> + <para><emphasis>G</emphasis>NU <emphasis>N</emphasis>etwork <emphasis>O</emphasis>bject + <emphasis>M</emphasis>odel <emphasis>E</emphasis>nvironment, one of the + leading &UNIX; &GUI;s.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gui">&GUI;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-panel"> + <glossterm>Panel</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Refers to the panel (also known as + <quote>&kicker;</quote>) which often resides at the bottom of the + screen.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kicker">&kicker;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-ripping"> + <glossterm>ripping</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>The process of reading audio data from a &cdrom; and + storing it on the hard disk.</para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + </glossdiv> + + <glossdiv id="kde-development"> + <title>&kde; Development</title> + <glossentry id="gloss-qt"> + <glossterm>&Qt;</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>The &GUI; of &kde; is built on top of + the &Qt; toolkit, which provides many graphical elements (so-called + <quote>Widgets</quote>) which are used to construct the desktop. You + can find more information about &Qt; at <ulink + url="http://www.trolltech.com">www.trolltech.com</ulink>.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gui">&GUI;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-widget">Widget</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-i18n"> + <glossterm>i18n</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <quote>internationalization</quote>. &kde; + supports many different languages, and several i18n techniques make it + easy to translate the &GUI; as well as the accompanying + documents of &kde; into all these languages. More information about the + i18n process is available at <ulink + url="http://i18n.kde.org">i18n.kde.org</ulink>.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gui">&GUI;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-l10n"> + <glossterm>l10n</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <quote>localization</quote>, the process + of adapting a program to the local environment. This includes ⪚ the + currency used for monetary values or the time format.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-i18n">i18n</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-widget"> + <glossterm>Widget</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Graphical elements like scrollbars, buttons or input + fields which are used by &kde; to construct the &GUI;. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kde">&kde;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gui">&GUI;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-cvs"> + <glossterm><acronym>CVS</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef> + <para><emphasis>C</emphasis>oncurrent <emphasis>V</emphasis>ersion +<emphasis>S</emphasis>ystem. + The <acronym>CVS</acronym> is a very elegant way of managing file +versions that allow more than one developer + to easily work on the same project. You can find a description of how to +get the latest (developer) version of the + &kde; sources via anonymous <acronym>CVS</acronym> on + <ulink +url="http://www.kde.org/anoncvs.html">http://www.kde.org/anoncvs.html</ulink>. + More about <acronym>CVS</acronym> is available at <ulink +url="http://www.cvshome.org">www.cvshome.org</ulink>. + + </para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + </glossdiv> + + <glossdiv id="glossdiv-misc"> + <title>Miscellaneous</title> + <glossentry id="gloss-rfc"> + <glossterm><acronym>RFC</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para><emphasis>R</emphasis>equest <emphasis>F</emphasis>or + <emphasis>C</emphasis>omment. A common way to publish new protocol + ideas or procedures for evaluation of the Internet community. Though + <acronym>RFC</acronym>s are not mandatory, many applications try to + adhere to them, once they have been approved by the community. More + information about <acronym>RFC</acronym>s can be found at the + <ulink url="http://www.rfc-editor.org">RFC Homepage</ulink>.</para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + </glossdiv> + + <glossdiv id="glossdiv-protocols"> + <title>Various protocols</title> + <glossentry id="gloss-smb"> + <glossterm><acronym>SMB</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para><emphasis>S</emphasis>erver <emphasis>M</emphasis>essage + <emphasis>B</emphasis>lock. A network protocol used in &Microsoft; &Windows; + networks to access the filesystems of other computers.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ioslave"><acronym>IO</acronym> +Slave</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-irc"> + <glossterm><acronym>IRC</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para><emphasis>I</emphasis>nternet <emphasis>R</emphasis>elay + <emphasis>C</emphasis>hat. A protocol defined in <acronym>RFC</acronym> + 1459, which handles the specification to enable real time text chat.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rfc"><acronym>RFC</acronym></glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + <glossentry id="gloss-host"> + <glossterm>host</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>This can either be a name from your + <filename>/etc/hosts</filename> file + (<systemitem class="systemname">mycomputer</systemitem>), + an Internet name (<systemitem +class="systemname">www.kde.org</systemitem>) or an IP-Address + (<systemitem>192.168.0.10</systemitem>). + </para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + </glossdiv> +</glossary> diff --git a/doc/glossary/kdeprintingglossary.docbook b/doc/glossary/kdeprintingglossary.docbook new file mode 100644 index 000000000..7a9311c73 --- /dev/null +++ b/doc/glossary/kdeprintingglossary.docbook @@ -0,0 +1,1387 @@ + +<!-- +<?xml version="1.0" ?> +<!DOCTYPE glossary PUBLIC "-//KDE//DTD DocBook XML V4.2-Based Variant V1.1//EN" +"customization/dtd/kdex.dtd" [ +<!ENTITY % addindex "IGNORE"> +<!ENTITY % English "INCLUDE"> +<!ENTITY glossary-kdeprinting SYSTEM "kdeprintingglossary.docbook"> + +]> +<glossary id="glossary"> +--> + <glossdiv id="glossdiv-printing"> + <title>Printing</title> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-acl"> + <glossterm><acronym>ACLs</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>A</emphasis>ccess + <emphasis>C</emphasis>ontrol <emphasis>L</emphasis>ists; + ACLs are used to check for the access by a given + (authenticated) user. A first rough support for ACLs + for printing is available from &CUPS;; this will be refined + in future versions. </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-authentication">Authentication</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-appsocketprotocol"> + <glossterm>AppSocket Protocol</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>AppSocket is a protocol for the transfer of + print data, also frequently called "Direct TCP/IP Printing". + &Hewlett-Packard; have taken AppSocket, added a few minor + extensions around it and been very successful in renaming + and marketing it under the brand "&HP; JetDirect"...</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpjetdirectprotocol">&HP; JetDirect Protocol</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-directtcpipprinting">Direct TCP/IP Printing</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-apsfilter"> + <glossterm>APSfilter</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>APSfilter is used mainly in the context of "classical" + &UNIX; printing (BSD-style LPD). It is a sophisticated shell script, + disguised as an "all-in-one" filtering program. In reality, + APSfilter calls "real filters" to do the jobs needed. It sends + printjobs automatically through these other filters, based on an + initial file-type analysis of the printfile. + It is written and maintained by Andreas Klemm. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + It is + similar to Magicfilter and mostly uses Ghostscript for file conversions. + Some Linux Distributions (like &SuSE;) use APSfilter, others + Magicfilter (like &RedHat;), some have both for preference selection + (like *BSD). +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + &CUPS; has <emphasis>no</emphasis> need for APSfilter, + as it runs its own file type recognition (based on &MIME; types) + and applies its own filtering logic.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-magicfilter">Magicfilter</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-mimetypes">&MIME;-Types</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-printcap">printcap</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-authentication"> + <glossterm>Authentication</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Proving the identity of a certain person (maybe via username/password + or by means of a certificate) is often called authentication. Once you are + authenticated, you may or may not get access to a requested ressource, + possibly based on ACLs.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-acl">ACLs</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-bidirectionalcommunication"> + <glossterm>Bi-directional communication</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>In the context of printing, a server or a host may receive additional + information sent back from the printer (status messages &etc;), either + upon a query or unrequested. AppSocket ( = &HP; JetDirect), &CUPS; and IPP + support bi-directional communication, LPR/LPD and BSD-style printing + do not...</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-appsocketprotocol">AppSocket Protocol</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-directtcpipprinting">Direct TCP/IP Printing</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpjetdirectprotocol">&HP; JetDirect</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-lprlpd">LPR/LPD</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-bsdstyleprinting"> + <glossterm>BSD-style Printing</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Generic term for different variants of the traditional &UNIX; + printing method. Its first version appeared in the early 70s on + BSD &UNIX; and was formally described in <ulink url="http://www.rfc.net/rfc1179.html">RFC 1179</ulink> only as late + as 1990. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + At the time when BSD "remote" printing was first designed, printers + were serially or otherwise directly connected devices to a host + (with the Internet hardly consisting of more than 100 nodes!); printers + used hole-punched, continuous paper, fed through by a tractor + mechanism, with simple rows of ASCII text mechanically hammered on to + the medium, drawn from a cardboard box beneath the table. It came out + like a zig-zag folded paper "snake". Remote printing consisted of a + neighboring host in the next room sending a file + asking for printout. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + How technology has changed! Printers generally use cut-sheet media, they have + built-in intelligence to compute the raster images of pages after pages + that are sent to them using one of the powerful page description + languages (PDL). Many are network nodes in their own right, + with CPU, RAM, a hard disk and their own Operation System, and + are hooked to a net with potentially millions of users... +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + It is a vast proof of the flexible &UNIX; concept for doing things, + that it made "Line Printing" reliably work even under these modern + conditions. But time has finally come now to go for something new + -- the IPP. + + It is strong proof of the flexibility of &UNIX;; that "Line Printing" works + reliably, even under these modern conditions. But time has finally come now + to go for something new -- the IPP. + + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-lprlpd">LPR/LPD printing</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-cups"> + <glossterm>&CUPS;</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>C</emphasis>ommon + <emphasis>U</emphasis>NIX <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinting + <emphasis>S</emphasis>ystem; &CUPS; is the most modern &UNIX; and Linux + printing system, also providing cross-platform print services + to &Microsoft; &Windows; and Apple &MacOS; clients. Based on IPP, it does + away with all the pitfalls of old-style BSD printing, + providing authentication, encryption and ACLs, plus many more + features. At the same time it is backward-compatible enough + to serve all legacy clients that are not yet up to IPP, via + LPR/LPD (BSD-style). +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + &CUPS; is able to control any &PostScript; printer by + utilizing the vendor-supplied PPD (PostScript Printer + Description file), targeted originally for &Microsoft; Windows NT + printing only. &kde; Printing is most powerful if based on + &CUPS;.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-acl">ACLs</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-authentication">Authentication</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-bsdstyleprinting">BSD-style printing</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kdeprint">KDEPrint</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-lprlpd">LPR/LPD</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ppd">PPD</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-cupsfaq"> + <glossterm><acronym>&CUPS;-FAQ</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Currently only available in German (translation is on the way), + the <ulink url="http://www.danka.de/printpro/faq.html">&CUPS;-FAQ</ulink> + is a valuable resource to answer many questions that anyone new to + &CUPS; printing might have at first. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kdeprinthandbook">KDEPrint Handbook</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-cups-o-matic"> + <glossterm>&CUPS;-O-Matic</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>&CUPS;-O-Matic was the first "Third Party" plugin for + the &CUPS; printing software. It is available on the <ulink + url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/cups-doc.html">Linuxprinting.org + website</ulink> to provide an online PPD-generating service. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + Together with the companion <application>cupsomatic</application> Perl-Script, + that needs to be installed as an additional &CUPS; backend, + it redirects output from the native <application>pstops</application> filter into + a chain of suitable Ghostscript filters. Upon completion, it + passes the resulting data back to a &CUPS; "backend" for sending + to the printer. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + In this way, &CUPS;-O-Matic enables support for any printer known to + have worked previously in a "classical" Ghostscript environment. + If no native &CUPS; support for that printer is in sight... &CUPS;-O-Matic + is now replaced by the more capable PPD-O-Matic.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cupsomatic">cupsomatic</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-PPD-O-Matic">PPD-O-Matic</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-foomatic">Foomatic</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-cupsomatic"> + <glossterm>cupsomatic</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>The Perl script <application>cupsomatic</application> (plus a working Perl installation + on your system) is needed to make any &CUPS;-O-Matic (or PPD-O-Matic) + generated PPD work with &CUPS;. It was written by Grant Taylor, author of + the Linux Printing HOWTO and Maintainer of the <ulink + url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi">printer + database</ulink> at the Linuxprinting.org website.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups-o-matic">&CUPS;-O-Matic</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-foomatic">Foomatic</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cupsomatic">cupsomatic</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-daemon"> + <glossterm><acronym>Daemon</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>D</emphasis>isk + <emphasis>a</emphasis>nd <emphasis>e</emphasis>xecution + <emphasis>mon</emphasis>itor; <acronym>Daemons</acronym> are present + on all &UNIX; systems to perform tasks independent of user + intervention. Readers more familiar with &Microsoft; &Windows; might + want to compare daemons and the tasks they are responsible + with "services". +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + One example of a daemon present on most + legacy &UNIX; systems is the LPD (Line Printer Daemon); &CUPS; is + widely seen as the successor to LPD in the &UNIX; world and + it also operates through a daemon. </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-spooling">SPOOLing</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-databaselinuxprinting"> + <glossterm>Database, Linuxprinting.org</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Already years ago, when Linux printing was still really difficult + (only command line printing was known to most Linux users, no device + specific print options were available for doing the jobs), Grant Taylor, + author of the "Linux Printing HOWTO", collected most of the available + information about printers, drivers and filters in his database. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + With the emerging + &CUPS; concept, extending the use of PPDs even to non-PostScript printers, + he realized the potential of this database: if one puts the different + datablobs (with content that could be described along the lines + "Which device prints with which Ghostscript or other + filter?", "How well?", and "What command line switches are available?") into + PPD-compatible files, he could have all the power of &CUPS; on top of + the traditional printer "drivers". +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + This has now developed into a broader + concept, known as "Foomatic". Foomatic extends the capabilities + of spoolers other than &CUPS; (LPR/LPD, LPRng, PDQ, PPR) to a certain + degree ("stealing" some concepts from &CUPS;). The Linuxprinting + Database is not a Linux-only stop -- people running other &UNIX; + based OSes (like *BSD or &MacOS; X) will also find valuable information + and software there. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-foomatic">Foomatic</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-linuxprintingdatabase">Linuxprinting database</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-directtcpipprinting"> + <glossterm>Direct TCP/IP Printing</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>This is a method that often uses TCP/IP port 9100 to connect + to the printer. It works with many modern network printers and has + a few advantages over LPR/LPD, as it is faster and provides some + "backchannel feedback data" from the printer to the host sending + the job.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-appsocketprotocol">AppSocket Protocol</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpjetdirectprotocol">&HP; JetDirect Protocol</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-drivers"> + <glossterm>Drivers, Printer Drivers</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>The term "printer drivers", used in the same sense + as on the &Microsoft; &Windows; platform, is not entirely applicable + to a Linux or &UNIX; platform. A "driver" functionality + is supplied on &UNIX; by different modular components working + together. At the core of the printer drivers are "filters". Filters convert + print files from a given input format to another format that is acceptable + to the target printer. In many cases filters may be connected to a whole + filter "chain", where only the result of the last conversion is sent to the + printer. The actual transfer of the print data to the device is performed by + a "backend". + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-filter">Filter</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ppd">PPDs</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-easysoftwareproducts"> + <glossterm>Easy Software Products</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Mike Sweet's company, which has contributed a few substantial + software products towards the Free Software community; amongst + them the initial version of <ulink + url="http://gimp-print.sf.net/">Gimp-Print,</ulink> the <ulink + url="http://www.easysw.com/epm/">EPM software packaging</ulink> tool + and <ulink url="http://www.easysw.com/htmldoc/">HTMLDOC</ulink> + (used by the "Linux Documentation Project" to build the PDF versions + of the HOWTOs) -- but most importantly: <ulink + url="http://www.cups.org/">&CUPS;</ulink> (the 'Common &UNIX; Printing + System'). +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + ESP finance themselves by selling a commercial version + of &CUPS;, called <ulink url="http://www.easysw.com/">ESP PrintPro,</ulink> + that includes some professional enhancements. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-espprintpro">ESP PrintPro</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-esp">ESP</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gimpprint">Gimp-Print</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-encryption"> + <glossterm>Encryption</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Encryption of confidential data is an all-important issue if + you transfer it over the Internet or even within intranets. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + Printing + via traditional protocols is not encrypted at all -- it is very easy + to tap and eavesdrop ⪚ into &PostScript; or PCL data transfered + over the wire. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + Therefore, in the design of IPP, provision was made for the easy + plugin of encryption mechanisms (which can be provided by the same + means as the encryption standards for HTTP traffic: SSL and TLS).</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-authentication">Authentication</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ssl">SSL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-tls">TLS</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-epson"> + <glossterm><acronym>Epson</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Epson inkjets are among the best supported models by Free software + drivers, as the company was not necessarily as secretive about their + devices and handed technical specification documents to developers. + The excellent print quality achieved by Gimp-Print on the Stylus + series of printers can be attributed to this openness. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + They have also + contracted Easy Software Products to maintain an enhanced version + of Ghostscript ("ESP GhostScript") for improved support of their + printer portfolio. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">ESP Ghostscript</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-escapesequence"> + <glossterm>Escape Sequences</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>The first ever printers printed ASCII data only. To + initiate a new line, or eject a page, they included special + command sequences, often carrying a leading [ESC]-character. + &HP; evolved this concept through its series of PCL language + editions until today, having now developed a full-blown + Page Description Language (PDL) from these humble beginnings. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pdl">PDL</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-escp"> + <glossterm><acronym>ESC/P</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>E</emphasis>pson + <emphasis>S</emphasis>tandard <emphasis>C</emphasis>odes for + <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinters. Besides &PostScript; and PCL, Epson's ESC/P + printer language is one of the best known.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpgl">hpgl</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-esp"> + <glossterm><acronym>ESP</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>E</emphasis>asy + <emphasis>S</emphasis>oftware <emphasis>P</emphasis>roducts; + the company that developed &CUPS; (the "Common &UNIX; Printing System"). + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-easysoftwareproducts">Easy Software Products</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-espprintpro">ESP PrintPro</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-espghostscript"> + <glossterm><acronym>ESP</acronym> Ghostscript</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>A Ghostscript version that is maintained by Easy Software + Products. It includes pre-compiled Gimp-Print drivers for + many inkjets (plus some other goodies). ESP Ghostscript + will produce photographic quality prints in many cases, especially + with the Epson Stylus model series. ESP Ghostscript is GPL-software. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-easysoftwareproducts">Easy Software Products</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-espprintpro">ESP PrintPro</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-espprintpro"> + <glossterm><acronym>ESP</acronym> PrintPro</glossterm> + <glossdef><para> This professional enhancement to &CUPS; (the "Common &UNIX; + Printing System") is sold by the developers + of &CUPS; complete with more than 2,300 printer drivers for several commercial + &UNIX; platforms. <ulink url="http://www.easysw.com/printpro/">ESP PrintPro</ulink> + is supposed to work "out of the box" with little or no configuration + for users or admins. ESP also sell support contracts for + &CUPS; and PrintPro. These sales help to feed the programmers who + develop the Free version of &CUPS;. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-filter"> + <glossterm>Filter</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Filters, in general, are programs that take some input + data, work on it and pass it on as their output data. Filters + may or may not change the data. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + Filters in the context of printing, are programs that convert + a given file (destined for printing, but not suitable in the + format it is presently) into a printable format. Sometimes + whole "filter chains" have to be constructed to achieve the + goal, piping the output of one filter as the input to the next. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rip">RIP</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-foomatic"> + <glossterm>Foomatic</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Foomatic started out as the wrapper name for a set of + different tools available from <ulink + url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/">Linuxprinting.org</ulink> + These tools aimed to make the usage of traditional + Ghostscript and other print filters easier for users and + extend the filters' capabilities by adding more command line + switches or explain the driver's execution data. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + Foomatic's different incarnations are &CUPS;-O-Matic, PPD-O-Matic, + PDQ-O-Matic, LPD-O-Matic, PPR-O-Matic, MF-O-Matic and + Direct-O-Matic. All of these allow the generation + of appropriate printer configuration files online, by simply + selection the suitable model and suggested (or alternate) driver + for that machine. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + More recently, Foomatic gravitated towards becoming a "meta-spooling" + system, that allows configuration of the underlying print subsystem + through a unified set of commands (however, this is much more + complicated than KDEPrint's &GUI; interface, which performs a similar + task with regards to different print subsystems). </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups-o-matic">&CUPS;-O-Matic</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-PPD-O-Matic">PPD-O-Matic</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cupsomatic">cupsomatic</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-ghostscript"> + <glossterm>Ghostscript</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Ghostscript is a &PostScript; Raster Image Processor (RIP) in software, originally + developed by L. Peter Deutsch. There is always a <acronym>GPL</acronym> version + of Ghostscript available for free usage and distribution + (mostly 1 year old) while + the current version is commercially sold under another license. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + Ghostscript is widely used inside the Linux and &UNIX; world + for transforming &PostScript; into raster data suitable + for sending to non-&PostScript; devices.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rip">RIP</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-gimpprint"> + <glossterm>Gimp-Print</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Contrary to its name, Gimp-Print is no longer + just the plugin to be used for printing from the popular + Gimp program -- its codebase can also serve to be compiled + into... + <!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + *...a set of PPDs and associated filters that integrate seamlessly + into &CUPS;, supporting around 130 different printer models, providing + photographic output quality in many cases; +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + *...a Ghostscript filter that can be used with any other + program that needs a software-RIP; +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + *...a library that can be used by other software applications + in need of rasterization functions. + + +<!-- +after 4 hours fiddling, I +could not get those s!@*#? +<itemizedlist> to pass +through the meinproc checks. +For the time being I gave up +on it and handle it differently +now. + <itemizedlist> + <listitem>...a set of PPDs and associated filters that integrate seamlessly + into &CUPS;, supporting around 130 different printer models, providing + photografic output quality in many cases;</listitem> + <listitem>...a Ghostscript filter that can be used with any other + program that needs a software-RIP;</listitem> + <listitem>...a library that can be used by other software applications + in need of rasterization functions.</listitem> + </itemizedlist> +--> + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-lexmark">Lexmark Drivers</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rip">RIP</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-hp"> + <glossterm><acronym>&HP;</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>H</emphasis>ewlett-<emphasis>Packard</emphasis>; + one of the first companies to distribute their own Linux printer + drivers. -- More recently, the Company has released their + "HPIJS" package of drivers, including source code and a Free license. + This is the first printer manufacturer to do so. HPIJS supports most + current models of HP Ink- and DeskJets. + </para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-hpgl"> + <glossterm><acronym>&HP;/GL</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>&HP;</emphasis> + <emphasis>G</emphasis>raphical <emphasis>L</emphasis>anguage; + a &HP; printer language mainly used for plotters; many CAD + (Computer Aided Design) software programs output &HP;/GL files for + printing.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-escp">ESC/P</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-hpjetdirectprotocol"> + <glossterm>&HP; JetDirect Protocol</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>A term branded by &HP; to describe their implementation + of print data transfer to the printer via an otherwise "AppSocket" or + "Direct TCP/IP Printing" named protocol.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-appsocketprotocol">AppSocket Protocol</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-directtcpipprinting">Direct TCP/IP Printing</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-ietf"> + <glossterm><acronym>IETF</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>I</emphasis>nternet + <emphasis>E</emphasis>ngineering <emphasis>T</emphasis>ask + <emphasis>F</emphasis>orce; an assembly of Internet, software + and hardware experts that discuss + new networking technologies and very often arrive at + conclusions that are regarded by many as standards. "TCP/IP" + is the most famous example. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + IETF standards, as well as + drafts, discussions, ideas and useful tutorials, are + put in writing in the famous series of "RFCs", which + are available to the public and included in most Linux and + BSD distributions.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pwg">PWG</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rfc">RFC</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-ipp"> + <glossterm><acronym>IPP</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>I</emphasis>nternet + <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinting <emphasis>P</emphasis>rotocol; + defined in a series of RFCs accepted by the IETF with + status "proposed standard"; was designed + by the PWG. -- IPP is a completely new design for network printing, + but it utilizes a very well-known and proven method for the + actual data transfer: HTTP 1.1! By not "re-inventing the wheel", + and basing itself on an existing and robust Internet standard, + IPP is able to relatively easily bolt other HTTP-compatible standard + mechanisms into its framework: +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + * Basic, Digest or Certificate authentication + mechanisms; +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + * SSL or TLS for encryption of transferred + data; +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + * LDAP for directory services (to publish + data on printers, device-options, drivers, costs or + also to the network; or to check for passwords while + performing authentication). +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + +<!-- + </para> + <itemizedlist> + <listitem>Basic, Digest or Certificate authentication + mechanisms</listitem> + <listitem>SSL or TLS for encryption of transferred + data</listitem> + <listitem>LDAP for directory services (to publish + data on printers, device-options, drivers, costs or + elso to the network; or to check for passwords while + conducting authentication)</listitem> + </itemizedlist> +--> + </para> + + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pwg">PWG</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ietf">IETF</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rfc">RFC</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-tls">TLS</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-kdeprint"> + <glossterm><acronym>KDEPrint</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>The new printing functionality of &kde; since version 2.2 + consists of several modules that translate the features and settings + of different available print subsystems (&CUPS;, BSD-style LPR/LPD, RLPR...) + into nice &kde; desktop &GUI; windows and dialogs to ease their + usage. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + Most important for day-to-day usage is "kprinter", the new + &GUI; print command. -- Note: KDEPrint does <emphasis>not</emphasis> implement its own + spooling mechanism or its own &PostScript; processing; for this it + relies on the selected <emphasis>print subsystem</emphasis> + -- however it does add some functionality of its own on top of this + foundation... + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-bsdstyleprinting">BSD-style printing</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kprinter">kprinter</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kdeprinthandbook">KDEPrint Handbook</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-kdeprinthandbook"> + <glossterm><acronym>KDEPrint Handbook...</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>...is the name of the reference document that describes KDEPrint + functions to users and administrators. You can load it into Konqueror by + typing "help:/kdeprint" into the address field. The <ulink + url="http://printing.kde.org/">KDEPrint website</ulink> + is the resource for updates to this documentation, as well as PDF + versions suitable for printing it. It is authored and maintained by Kurt + Pfeifle. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cupsfaq">&CUPS;-FAQ</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-kprinter"> + <glossterm>kprinter</glossterm> + <glossdef><para><emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> is the new powerful + print utility that is natively used by all &kde; applications. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + Contrary to some common misconceptions, + <emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> is <emphasis>not</emphasis> a &CUPS;-only tool, + but supports different print subsystems. You can even switch + to a different print subsystem "on the fly", in between two jobs, + without re-configuration. Of course, due to the powerful + features of &CUPS;, <emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> is + best suited for use with a &CUPS; frontend. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + <emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> is the successor + to "qtcups", which is no longer being actively maintained. It has + inherited all the best features of qtcups and added several new ones. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + MOST IMPORTANT: you can use <emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> + with all its features in all non-&kde; applications that allow + a customized print command, like gv, Acrobat Reader, Netscape, + Mozilla, Galeon, StarOffice, OpenOffice and all GNOME programs. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + <emphasis>kprinter</emphasis> can act as a "standalone" + utility, started from an X-Terminal or a "Mini-CLI" to + print many different files, from different folders, with different + formats, in one job and simultaneously, without the need to first open the + files in the applications! (File formats supported this way are &PostScript;, + PDF, International and ASCII Text, as well as many different popular graphic + formats, such as PNG, TIFF, JPEG, PNM, Sun RASTER, &etc;) + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-qtcups">QtCUPS</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-lexmark"> + <glossterm><acronym>Lexmark</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>was one of the first companies to distribute their own Linux printer + drivers for some of their models. However, those drivers are binary only + (no source code available), and therefore cannot be used to integrate into + other Free printing software projects. + </para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-linuxprintingorg"> + <glossterm>Linuxprinting.org</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Linuxprinting.org = not just for Linux; all &UNIX;-like OS-es, + like *BSD and commercial Unices may find useful printing + information on this site. This web site is the home for the interesting + Foomatic project, that strives to develop the "Meta Print Spool and Driver + Configuration Toolset" (being able to configure, through one common + interface, different print subsystems and their required drivers) with the + ability to transfer all queues, printers and configuration files seamlessly + to another spooler without new configuration effort. -- Also, they maintain + the Printing Database; a collection of driver and device information that + enables everybody to find the most current information about printer models, + and also generate online the configuration files for any + spooler/driver/device combo known to work with one of the common Linux or + &UNIX; print subsystems. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-linuxprintingdatabase">Linuxprinting database</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-linuxprintingdatabase"> + <glossterm><acronym>Linuxprinting.org Database</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>....Database containing printers and drivers that are suitable + for them... ...a lot of information and documentation to be found... ...it + is now also providing some tools and utilities for easing the integration + of those drivers into a given system... ...the "Foomatic" family + of utilities; being the toolset to make use of the database + for most of the commonly used print subsystems, for generating "on the fly" + working configurations for your printer model. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-foomatic">Foomatic</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-lprlpd"> + <glossterm><acronym>LPR/LPD</acronym> printing</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>LPR == some people translate <emphasis>L</emphasis>ine + <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinting <emphasis>R</emphasis>equest, others: + <emphasis>L</emphasis>ine <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinter + <emphasis>R</emphasis>emote.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-bsdstyleprinting">BSD-style printing</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-magicfilter"> + <glossterm>Magicfilter</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Similarly to the APSfilter program, Magicfilter + provides automatic file type recognition functions and, base + on that, automatic file conversion to a printable format, + depending on the target printer.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-apsfilter">APSfilter</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-mimetypes"> + <glossterm>&MIME;-Types</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>M</emphasis>ultipurpose (or + Multimedia) <emphasis>I</emphasis>nternet <emphasis>M</emphasis>ail + <emphasis>E</emphasis>xtensions; &MIME;-Types were first used to allow + the transport of binary data (like mail attachments containing + graphics) over mail connections that were normally only transmitting + ASCII characters: the data had to be encoded into an ASCII representation. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + Later this concept was extended to describe a data format in + a platform independent, but at the same time non-ambiguous, way. + From &Windows; everybody knows the .doc extensions for &Microsoft; Word files. + This is handled ambiguously on the &Windows; platform: .doc extensions are also + used for simple text files or for Adobe Framemaker files. And if a real + Word file is renamed with a different extension, it can no longer be + opened by the program. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + &MIME; typed files carry a recognition string with them, describing + their file format based on <emphasis>main_category/sub_category</emphasis>. + Inside IPP, print files are also described using the &MIME; type scheme. + &MIME; types are registered with the IANA (Internet Assigning Numbers + <emphasis>Association</emphasis>) to keep them unambiguous. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + &CUPS; has some &MIME; types of its own registered, like + <emphasis>application/vnd.cups-raster</emphasis> (for the &CUPS;-internal + raster image format). + + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-easysoftwareproducts">Easy Software Products</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-espprintpro">ESP PrintPro</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gimpprint">Gimp-Print</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-pcl"> + <glossterm><acronym>PCL</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinter + <emphasis>C</emphasis>ontrol <emphasis>L</emphasis>anguage; + developed by &HP;. PCL started off in version 1 as a simple + command set for ASCII printing; now, + in its versions PCL6 and PCL-X, it is capable of printing graphics + and color -- but outside the &Microsoft; &Windows; realm and &HP-UX; + (&HP;'s own brand of &UNIX;), it is not commonly used...</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-escp">ESC/P</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpgl">&HP;/GL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pdl">PDL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-pdl"> + <glossterm><acronym>PDL</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>P</emphasis>age + <emphasis>D</emphasis>escription <emphasis>L</emphasis>anguage; + PDLs describe, in an abstract way, the graphical representation + of a page. - Before it is actually transferred into + toner or ink laid down on to paper, a PDL needs to be + "interpreted" first. In &UNIX;, the most important PDL + is &PostScript;. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-escp">ESC/P</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpgl">&HP;/GL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-pixel"> + <glossterm>Pixel</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>Pic</emphasis>ture + <emphasis>El</emphasis>ement; this term describes the smallest + part of a raster picture (either as printed on paper + or as displayed on a monitor by cathode rays or LCD elements). As + any graphical or image representation on those types of output + devices is composed of pixels, the values of "ppi" (pixel per inch) + and &dpi; (dots per inch) are one important parameter for the + overall quality and resolution of an image.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-filter">Filter</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-raster">Raster</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-pjl"> + <glossterm><acronym>PJL</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>P</emphasis>rint + <emphasis>J</emphasis>ob <emphasis>L</emphasis>anguage; + developed by &HP; to control and influence default and per-job + settings of a printer. It may not only be used + for &HP;'s own (PCL-)printers; also many &PostScript; + and other printers understand PJL commands sent to them + inside a print job, or in a separate signal.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-postscript"> + <glossterm>&PostScript;</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>&PostScript; (often shortened to "PS") is the de-facto + standard in the &UNIX; world for printing files. It was + developed by Adobe and licensed to printer manufacturers + and software companies. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + As the &PostScript; specifications were + published by Adobe, there are also "Third Party" implementations + of &PostScript; generating and &PostScript; interpreting software + available (one of the best-known in the Free software world + being Ghostscript, a powerful PS-interpreter). + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-escp">ESC/P</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-hpgl">&HP;/GL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pcl">PCL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ppd">PPD</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-ppd"> + <glossterm><acronym>PPD</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>P</emphasis>ostScript + <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinter <emphasis>D</emphasis>escription; + PPDs are ASCII files storing all information about the special + capabilities of a printer, plus definitions of the (PostScript- + or PJL-) commands to call on a certain capability (like print + duplexing). +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + As the explanation of the acronym reveals, PPDs were originally + only used for &PostScript; printers. &CUPS; has extended the + PPD concept to all types of printers. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + PPDs for &PostScript; printers are provided by the printer + vendors. They can be used with &CUPS; and KDEPrint to have access + to the full features of any &PostScript; printer. The KDEPrint Team + recommends using a PPD originally intended for use with + &Microsoft; Windows NT. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + PPDs for non-PostScript printers <emphasis>need</emphasis> a + companion "filter" to process the &PostScript; print files into + a format digestible for the non-PostScript target device. Those + PPD/filter combos are not (yet) available from the vendors. After + the initiative by the &CUPS; developers to utilize PPDs, the Free + Software community was creative enough to quickly come up with + support for most of the currently used printer models, through + PPDs and classical Ghostscript filters. But note: the printout + quality varies from "hi-quality photographic output" (using + Gimp-Print with most Epson inkjets) to "hardly readable" (using + Foomatic-enabled Ghostscript filters for models rated as + "paperweight" in the Linuxprinting.org database). + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups">&CUPS;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-linuxprintingorg">Linuxprinting.org</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-PPD-O-Matic"> + <glossterm>PPD-O-Matic</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>PPD-O-Matic is a set of Perl scripts that run on the Linuxprinting.org + web server and can be used online to generate PPDs for any printer that is known + to print with Ghostscript. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + These PPDs can be hooked up to &CUPS;/KDEPrint, as well as + used inside PPD-aware applications like StarOffice to determine all different + parameters of your printjobs. It is now recommended, in most cases, to + use "PPD-O-Matic" instead of the older &CUPS;-O-Matic. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + To generate a PPD, go to the <ulink + url="http://www.linuxprinting.org/printer_list.cgi">printer + database</ulink>, select your printer model, follow + the link to show the available Ghostscript filters for that printer, select + one, click "generate" and finally save the file to your local system. + Be sure to read the instructions. Make sure that your local system + does indeed have Ghostscript and the filter, which you chose + before generating the PPD, installed. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-cups-o-matic">&CUPS;-O-Matic</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-linuxprintingorg">Linuxprinting.org</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-foomatic">Foomatic</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-printcap"> + <glossterm>printcap</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>In BSD-style print systems, the "printcap" file holds + the configuration information; the printing daemon reads this file + to determine which printers are available, what filters are to be + user for each, where the spooling folder is located, + if there are banner pages to be used, and so on... + Some applications also depend on read access to the printcap + file, to obtain the names of available printers. </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-bsdstyleprinting">BSD-style printing</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-printermib"> + <glossterm>Printer-<acronym>MIB</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for + <emphasis>Printer</emphasis>-<emphasis>M</emphasis>anagement + <emphasis>I</emphasis>nformation <emphasis>B</emphasis>ase; the + Printer-MIB defines a set of parameters that are to be + stored inside the printer for access + through the network. This is useful if many (in some cases, literally + thousands) network printers are managed centrally + with the help of SNMP (Simple Network Management Protocol).</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pwg">PWG</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-snmp">SNMP</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-pwg"> + <glossterm><acronym>PWG</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for + <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinter <emphasis>W</emphasis>orking + <emphasis>G</emphasis>roup; the PWG is a loose grouping of + representatives of the printer industry that has, in the past + years, developed different standards + in relation to network printing. These were later accepted by the + IETF as RFC standards, like the "Printer-MIB" and the IPP.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp">IPP</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-printermib">Printer-MIB</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-snmp">SNMP</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-printkioslave"> + <glossterm>print:/ KIO Slave</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>You can use a syntax of "print:/..." to get quick access + to KDEPrint resources. Typing "print:/manager" as a Konqueror URL + address gives administrative access to KDEPrint. Konqueror uses &kde;'s + famous "KParts" technology to achieve that. </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ioslave">IO Slave</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kparts">KParts</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-printerdatabase"> + <glossterm>Printer Database</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-linuxprintingdatabase">Linuxprinting Database</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-qtcups"> + <glossterm><acronym>Qt&CUPS;</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Qt&CUPS; and KUPS were the predecessors of KDEPrint; they are now + deprecated and no longer maintained. What was good in qtcups is all inherited + by "kprinter", the new KDE print dialog (which is much improved over qtcups); + what you liked about kups is now all in the KDEPrint Manager (accessible + via the KDE Control Center or via the URL "print:/manager" from Konqueror) -- + with more functionality and less bugs... Its former developer, Michael Goffioul, is now + the developer of KDEPrint -- a very nice and productive guy and quick bug fixer... + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kprinter">kprinter</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-raster"> + <glossterm>Raster Image</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Every picture on a physical medium + is composed of a pattern of discrete dots in different colors and (maybe) + sizes. This is called a "raster image". +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + This is as opposed to a "vector image" + where the graphic is described in terms of continuous curves, shades, + forms and filled areas, represented by mathematical formula. Vector images + normally have a smaller file size and may be scaled in size + without any loss of information and quality --- but they cannot be + output directly, but always have to be "rendered" or "rasterized" + first to the given resolution that the output device is capable of... +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + + The rasterization is done by a Raster Image Processor (RIP, + often the Ghostscript software) or some other filtering + instance.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pixel">Pixel</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-filter">Filter</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-rip">RIP</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-rip"> + <glossterm><acronym>RIP</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for + <emphasis>R</emphasis>aster <emphasis>I</emphasis>mage + <emphasis>P</emphasis>rocess(or); if used in the context of + printing, "RIP" means a hardware or software + instance that converts &PostScript; (or other print formats + that are represented in one of the non-Raster PDLs) into a + raster image format in such a way that it is acceptable + for the "marking engine" of the printer. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + &PostScript; printers + contain their own PostScript-RIPs. A RIP may or may not be located + inside a printer. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + For many &UNIX; systems, Ghostscript is the package that provides + a "RIP in software", running on the host computer, and pre-digesting + the &PostScript; or other data to become ready to be sent to the + printing device (hence you may perceive a "grain of truth" in the + slogan "Ghostscript turns your printer into a &PostScript; + machine", which of course is not correct in the true sense of the + meaning).</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-filter">Filter</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ghostscript">Ghostscript</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-postscript">&PostScript;</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pdl">PDL</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-raster">Raster</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-rlpr"> + <glossterm><acronym>RLPR</acronym> (Remote LPR)</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>R</emphasis>emote + <emphasis>L</emphasis>ine <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinting + <emphasis>R</emphasis>equest; this is a BSD-style printing system, + that needs no root privileges to be installed, and no "printcap" to + work: all parameters may be specified on the command + line. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + RLPR comes in handy for many laptop users who are + working in frequently changing environments. This is because it + may be installed concurrently with every other printing + sub system, and allows a very flexible and quick + way to install a printer for direct access via LPR/LPD. +<!-- + </para> + <para> +--> + + KDEPrint + has an "Add Printer Wizard" to make RLPR usage even easier. + The kprinter command allows switching to RLPR "on + the fly" at any time.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kdeprint">KDEPrint</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-kprinter">kprinter</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-printcap">printcap</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-snmp"> + <glossterm><acronym>SNMP</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>S</emphasis>imple + <emphasis>N</emphasis>etwork <emphasis>M</emphasis>anagement + <emphasis>P</emphasis>rotocol; SNMP is widely used to control + all types of network node (Hosts, Routers, Switches, Gateways, + Printers...) remotely.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-pwg">PWG</glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-printermib">Printer-MIB</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-ssl"> + <glossterm><acronym>SSL(3)</acronym> encryption</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>S</emphasis>ecure + <emphasis>S</emphasis>ocket <emphasis>L</emphasis>ayer; + <acronym>SSL</acronym> is a proprietary encryption method for data + transfer over HTTP that was developed by Netscape. It is now being + replaced by an IETF standard named TLS. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-tls"><acronym>TLS</acronym></glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-spooling"> + <glossterm><acronym>SPOOL</acronym>ing</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>S</emphasis>ynchronous + <emphasis>P</emphasis>eripheral <emphasis>O</emphasis>perations + <emphasis>O</emphasis>n<emphasis>L</emphasis>ine; + <acronym>SPOOL</acronym>ing enables printing applications + (and users) to continue their work + as the job is being taken care of by a system <acronym>daemon</acronym>, + which stores the file at a temporary location until the printer is ready + to print. </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-daemon"><acronym>Daemon</acronym></glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-tls"> + <glossterm><acronym>TLS</acronym> encryption</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>T</emphasis>ransport + <emphasis>L</emphasis>ayer <emphasis>S</emphasis>ecurity; + <acronym>TLS</acronym> is an encryption standard for + data transfered over HTTP 1.1; it is defined in RFC 2246; + although based on the former SSL development + (from Netscape) it is not fully compatible with it. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ssl"><acronym>SSL(3)</acronym></glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + + <glossentry id="gloss-systemVstyleprinting"> + <glossterm>System V-style printing</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>This is the second flavor of traditional &UNIX; + printing (as opposed to BSD-style printing). It uses + a different command set (lp, lpadmin,...) to BSD, + but is not fundamentally different from it. However, the + gap between the two is big enough to make the two + incompatible, so that a BSD-client cannot simply print + to a System V style print server without additional + tweaking... IPP is supposed to resolve this weakness + and more. + </para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-bsdstyleprinting"><acronym>BSD-style printing</acronym></glossseealso> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-ipp"><acronym>IPP</acronym></glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-turboprint"> + <glossterm>TurboPrint</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Shareware software providing photo quality printing for many + inkjet printers. It is useful if you are unable to find a driver for your + printer and may be hooked into either a traditional Ghostscript system + or a modern &CUPS; system.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-gimpprint">Gimp-Print</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-xpp"> + <glossterm><acronym>XPP</acronym></glossterm> + <glossdef><para>Abbreviation for <emphasis>X</emphasis> + <emphasis>P</emphasis>rinting <emphasis>P</emphasis>anel; + <acronym>XPP</acronym> was the first Free + graphical print command for &CUPS;, written by Till Kamppeter, + and in some ways a model for the "kprinter" utility in &kde;.</para> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> +<!-- + <glossentry id="gloss-1"> + <glossterm>xxxx</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-1">xyz</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-3"> + <glossterm>xxxx</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-1">xyz</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> + + <glossentry id="gloss-4"> + <glossterm>xxxx</glossterm> + <glossdef><para>.</para> + <glossseealso otherterm="gloss-1">xyz</glossseealso> + </glossdef> + </glossentry> +--> + </glossdiv> + + +<!-- +</glossary> +--> |